Sudan: Ett krismöte väntar om konflikten i Etiopien

The Tigray conflict is an ongoing armed conflict that began in November 2020 in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia, between two sides: the Tigray Regional Government that is led by the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF); and a military alliance between the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF), special forces in Afar and Amhara, and Eritrean defense force.When Ethiopian Prime minister Lt. Col. Abiy Ahmed came to power in 2018, he made significant reforms to the country's judicial system, economy and foreign policy. According to an article by Hailemariam Desalegn, the former prime minister of Ethiopia, TPLF officials were concerned these moves were going to threaten their political and economic position in the country . Thus TPLF officials started defying the orders from the federal government and made overt and covert actions to undermine and delegitimize the Ethiopian parliament, defense forces and the federal government. The TPLF, a militarily powerful and politically powerful entity that had dominated Ethiopia during those 30 years, refused to join the new party, and alleged that Abiy Ahmed became an illegitimate ruler by rescheduling the general elections set for 29 August 2020 to an undetermined date in 2021 due to COVID-19. The TPLF, led by Chairman Debretsion Gebremichael, went ahead with regional elections in Tigray in September 2020 in defiance of the federal government, which declared the Tigray election illegal.The situation escalated to violence on 4 November with an alleged attack by the TPLF on the Northern Command Headquarters of the Ethiopian National Defense Force. In a failed attempt to give the war a regional scope, TPLF has fired a barrage of missiles at Eritrea in the subsequent days. However, Eritrea decided not to respond to the attack. Moreover, missiles were also fired at locations in neighboring Amhara Region. The federal government responded to TPLF's attack with military action. The federal forces claimed to have captured the Tigrayan capital of Mekelle on 28 November, after which Prime Minister Abiy declared the Tigray operation 'over'. The TPLF has said they will continue fighting.

Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), på franska Autorité intergouvernementale pour le développement, är ett regionalt samarbetsorgan i östra Afrika. Medlemsländerna är främst stater på Afrikas horn: Djibouti, Etiopien, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan och Uganda. Eritrea var tidigare medlem, men har begärt utträde, på grund av landets konflikt med Etiopien. Somalia företräds av den somaliska övergångsregeringen TFG. Igads huvudkontor ligger i Djibouti Organisationen bildades 1986 under namnet IGADD - Intergovernmental Authority on Drought and Development. Den ombildades 1996 under det nya namnet, och var då tänkt att bli en samarbetsorganisation för handel, säkerhetsfrågor och utveckling, liknande ECOWAS och SADC. Under senare år har IGAD dock framför allt arbetat med att få till stånd en fredlig lösning på konflikten i Somalia. Organet ledde de fredsförhandlingar som 2004 ledde till att en somalisk övergångsregering grundades. Organisationens generalsekreterare är Mahboub Laalim (oktober 2008).