{"pageProps":{"article":{"article_id":"1MV6Vl","title":{"value":"”Svårt att inte bli galen” – spökflygplatsen som blivit hem åt 5 000 flyktingar"},"authors":[{"id":"96d96753-cd54-447b-801f-ee9d23cfd927","title":"Mer-redaktionen","enabled":true}],"resources":[{"ref":"category","id":"171cb7c8-281d-4004-85bf-b142cd8bbcb5","title":"Perspektiv på världen","slug":"perspektiv-pa-varlden","type":"StoryVignette","decoration":{"color_palette":{"light":{"background_primary":"#222222ff","text_primary":"#ffffffff"},"dark":{"background_primary":"#222222ff","text_primary":"#ffffffff"}},"text_styles":{"overline":"h5"}}},{"type":"Title","text":{"value":"”Svårt att inte bli galen” – spökflygplatsen som blivit hem åt 5 000 flyktingar"},"decoration":{"color_palette":{"light":{"background_primary":"#222222ff","text_primary":"#ffffffff"},"dark":{"background_primary":"#222222ff","text_primary":"#ffffffff"}}}},{"type":"Image","byline":{"title":"Markus Schreiber / AP"},"caption":{"value":"A boy with a ball walks alongside makeshift sleeping units inside the temporary refugee shelter."},"source_id":"sdlzgdtAh9Qjzk-nh.jpg","image_asset":{"id":"b1e72a32-7b65-4616-8d98-516ac58c0d5c","size":{"width":3766,"height":2511},"hotspot":{"x":0,"y":601,"width":2548,"height":1910}},"presentation_properties":{"watermark":"der_spiegel","image_format":"1x1"},"format":"1x1","decoration":{"color_palette":{"light":{"background_primary":"#222222ff","text_primary":"#ffffffff"},"dark":{"background_primary":"#222222ff","text_primary":"#ffffffff"}}},"watermarks":[{"url":"https://storage.omni.se/omni_watermarks/der_spiegel-1x1.png","format":"1x1"},{"url":"https://storage.omni.se/omni_watermarks/der_spiegel-2x1.png","format":"2x1"}],"show_caption":false,"horizontal_padding":{"small_device":false,"large_device":true}},{"type":"Text","subtype":"lead","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"Efter att det sista flygplanet lyfte har Tegelflygplatsen i Berlin gjorts om till ett flyktingläger som är hem åt över 5 000 människor. Der Spiegel har besökt tälten som kan kosta myndigheterna uppemot 250 euro per person och dag, trots att människorna som bor där lever under svåra förhållanden."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"– Jag har inte dödat någon. Jag förstår fortfarande inte varför vi hamnade här. Det är svårt att inte bli galen här, säger en kvinna från Ukraina."},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"decoration":{"color_palette":{"light":{"background_primary":"#222222ff","text_primary":"#ffffffff"},"dark":{"background_primary":"#222222ff","text_primary":"#ffffffff"}},"text_styles":{"body":"premium_body1"}}},{"type":"ChevronDescription","text":"Läs hela artikeln","decoration":{"color_palette":{"light":{"background_primary":"#222222ff","text_primary":"#ffffffff"},"dark":{"background_primary":"#222222ff","text_primary":"#ffffffff"}}}},{"type":"LabeledIcon","text":"Der Spiegel","icon_url":"https://storage.omni.se/omni_origin_icons/der_spiegel.png","size":{"width":310,"height":310}},{"text":{"value":"A Place of Chaos: Berlin's Overcrowded Refugee Camp in Tegel"},"type":"Subheading","presentation_properties":{"display":"originalTitle"},"is_centered_on_large_device":true,"decoration":{"text_styles":{"h2":"premium_h3"}}},{"type":"Text","subtype":"lead","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"Some 5,000 people live in Germany's largest refugee camp, located at Berlin's former Tegel airport. The conditions are dire - yet many companies are making a mint. A look behind the fences."},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"decoration":{"text_styles":{"body":"premium_h6"}}},{"type":"OriginByline","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"By Frauke Hunfeld and Alexander Kauschanski","markup":[{"type":"style:strong","length":14,"offset":3},{"type":"style:strong","length":21,"offset":22}]},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"September 19, 2024"},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"vignette":{"title":"Perspektiv på världen","bullet_color":{"red":0,"green":0,"blue":0}}},{"type":"Text","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"They stare into their phones or out the window, as if they saw nothing. They talk little. They have dark shadows under their eyes. The bus driver drives like a bat out of hell and the people on bus 410 are jostled about, but nobody says anything. A woman falls over."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"The passengers wear QR-codes hanging from their necks. Many are plastic folders in their laps, or transparent sleeves holding documents with closely written notes. They are coming from some agency in the city, an office where they were trying to get an appointment, a German course perhaps, a slot at a school or money for shoes. Some are carrying large bags and have hope in their eyes. They are the new arrivals."},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"decoration":{"text_styles":{"body":"premium_body1"}}},{"type":"Image","byline":{"title":"Steffi Loos / AP"},"caption":{"value":"Refugees from Ukraine arrive at a newly built arrival center on the tarmac of the former Tegel airport in Berlin, March 20, 2022."},"source_id":"sdllRBwL-CHuBQ-nh.jpg","image_asset":{"id":"fecd8052-bdc8-4425-88a9-9f7bbf70a23b","size":{"width":6000,"height":4000},"hotspot":{"x":1297,"y":23,"width":4391,"height":3290}},"presentation_properties":{"image_format":"1x1"},"format":"1x1","show_caption":true,"horizontal_padding":{"small_device":false,"large_device":true}},{"type":"Text","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"The bus heads onto the highway for a stretch and the TV tower is briefly visible, a hint of the city. But then comes asphalt, fences and more asphalt. Deserted tarred roads, a blue sky with the sun beating down, withered grass at the edges. A long stretch with a couple of bends, the former airport tower in the distances, watching over this inhospitable plain like the Eye of Sauron. In front of it, tent halls are lined up in military fashion."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"The bus isn’t on the normal schedule. It is a special charter, heading from Jungfernheide station to the \"Arrival Center Ukraine” at Berlin’s now shuttered Tegel Airport."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"We are in front of what used to be Terminal C. A Berlin bear is still standing here, covered in welcome messages written in all the world languages – along with a couple of pictograms of landing planes and entry signs for the \"Federal Republic of Germany.”"},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"decoration":{"text_styles":{"body":"premium_body1"}}},{"type":"Image","byline":{"title":"Markus Schreiber / AP"},"caption":{"value":"A woman from Ukraine checks her mobile as she arrives with her belongings in November 9, 2022."},"source_id":"sdl4CTkcjccCHE-nh.jpg","image_asset":{"id":"58cdc60f-b4a6-45c2-9b2a-ef448fc1a2aa","size":{"width":8538,"height":5692},"hotspot":{"x":1476,"y":48,"width":5392,"height":4041}},"presentation_properties":{"image_format":"1x1"},"format":"1x1","show_caption":true,"horizontal_padding":{"small_device":false,"large_device":true}},{"type":"Text","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"During the pandemic, a vaccination center was set up here. When the Russian invasion drove hundreds of thousands of people out of Ukraine to Germany, Tegel became a shelter for refugees. It was supposed to be a temporary arrangement in tents and in parts of the terminals, a place where people could rest for a couple of days, do the necessary paperwork and then continue on their way to other parts of Germany or to real lodgings elsewhere in Berlin. But the days turned into weeks, weeks into months – and, for some, the months have turned into years."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"We spoke with more than 80 people who live in Tegel or who work or have worked there. Many of them requested not be quoted by name in this story, while others didn’t want to be quoted at all. They fear potential repercussions and say there have been threats. They talk about major deficiencies, of being overwhelmed and of isolation. We have analyzed numerous documents and records, some of which are confidential. On our official visits to Tegel, we had companions."},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"decoration":{"text_styles":{"body":"premium_body1"}}},{"type":"Image","byline":{"title":"Steffi Loos / AP"},"caption":{"value":"Refugees from Ukraine wait at an arrival center on the tarmac."},"source_id":"sdlZYwhSEFg4ig-nh.jpg","image_asset":{"id":"f9b710b5-aadf-473f-9dca-4b4e56e27a38","size":{"width":6000,"height":4000},"hotspot":{"x":722,"y":237,"width":4726,"height":3541}},"presentation_properties":{"image_format":"1x1"},"format":"1x1","show_caption":true,"horizontal_padding":{"small_device":false,"large_device":true}},{"type":"Text","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"Around 5,000 women, children and men are housed at the former airport, the majority of whom are war refugees from Ukraine, but there are also people from Afghanistan, Iraq and Syria. There are many children with their mothers in addition to plenty of elderly and people with health problems. Soon, the number of residents will increase to 8,000."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"The Berlin State Office for Refugee Affairs (LAF) is responsible for providing shelter. The Office has transferred camp operations to the German Red Cross (DRK). The Red Cross, for its part, has passed some tasks along to other aid organizations like the Malteser and the Johanniter. Responsibility for security and operating the tents went to Messe Berlin, the state-owned company whose primary focus is that of organizing trade fairs."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Many places in Germany are currently complaining about the excessive demands and high costs of caring for refugees. But a camp for 5,000 people that costs almost half a billion euros per year is unique - even in Germany."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"The 2024 budget has earmarked 216 million euros just for the Red Cross and its helpers alone, with the plan calling for a capacity of 7,000 refugees. On top comes the rent for the site, the security costs and 90 million euros for the rent and operation of the 45 tents, with 37,000 square meters of floorspace. Tents that don’t even belong to the state – for which rent was paid in 2023 as well, and will also be paid in 2025. That’s 200 euros for each square meter of tent-space per month. It includes cleaning but not water, electricity or heat. And the ground on which the tents stand also costs extra."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"For this year, 416 million euros have been budgeted, for a capacity of up to 7,000 people. That is the equivalent of 180 to 250 euros per refugee per day. For that amount every child, every baby, every man and every woman in Tegel could be accommodated in a nice hotel with full board – including breakfast in bed and a laundry service."},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"decoration":{"text_styles":{"body":"premium_body1"}}},{"type":"Image","byline":{"title":"Markus Schreiber / AP"},"caption":{"value":"Signs in Ukrainian show the direction to parking and public transport inside the temporary refugee shelter at the former airport Tegel."},"source_id":"sdlETgl9-CAf4E-nh.jpg","image_asset":{"id":"1a81abe3-476d-446d-8e45-9f812d324563","size":{"width":8640,"height":5760},"hotspot":{"x":1121,"y":292,"width":5506,"height":4125}},"presentation_properties":{"image_format":"1x1"},"format":"1x1","show_caption":true,"horizontal_padding":{"small_device":false,"large_device":true}},{"type":"Text","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"Elvira and her little son Radjic live in tent F1 on the former runway. The tent can hold 380 people. Elvira and Radjic share their sleeping compartment with twelve others, some of whom they hardly know at all. There is no doors and no ceiling, with only a partition separating the compartments. Elvira is from Kostyantynivka in the Donetsk region of eastern Ukraine. From there, she and her son, fled to central Ukraine before then to Germany. We talk between the bunkbeds and a shelf that is overflowing with toothbrushes and washcloths, food and cups and plastic boxes filled with cookies and gummy bears, and shampoo and mosquito spray and toys and glass marbles and photos of loved ones who are at the front or already dead, everything stacked on, next to and inside each other on this narrow shelf, the possessions of 14 people. Shower gel next to coffee cups, the medallion of a deceased father next to a box of tampons."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"We are standing because there is nowhere to sit – one behind the other because there isn’t enough room for two people to stand next to each other in the narrow walkway. John and his wife also live in the tent."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"They are hearing Elvira’s story for the first time, says John, and Elvira hears John’s story for the first time. They look at each other shyly and a bit amazed. How can they have lived next to each other for several months in these cramped quarters and never learned anything about each other? John says it’s kind of an unspoken agreement. It’s better not to ask. It’s their way, he says, of keeping distance, at least mentally if there is no physical space."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"John is originally from Assam in India. He speaks Hindi, English and Russian. German is his fourth language, but he is learning fast. He has been in Tegel for the last year and a half together with his Ukrainian girlfriend. He owns two pairs of pants and a jacket. He studied medicine in Ukraine and intends to apply for specialist training in January, cardiology. He wants to know German by then."},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"decoration":{"text_styles":{"body":"premium_body1"}}},{"type":"Quote","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"”Seriously? What about how I live here?”"},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"presentation_properties":{"display":"quote"},"author":{"value":"A woman living in the Tegel camp was refused support for a 19 square meters apartment with the argument that it’s too small"},"decoration":{"text_styles":{"h1":"quote"}}},{"type":"Text","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"His girlfriend doesn’t want to be photographed. She is ashamed. She was a teacher in the central Ukrainian town of Vinnytsia and she doesn’t want her former pupils to see how she is now living. She says there are currently 16 toilets for 700 people. Many of the showers are broken and many sinks are closed off and there is excrement in the toilets. She begins to cry. She doesn’t know where to change clothes. Sometimes, she hangs up a sheet in front of her bed for a modicum of privacy when changing her underwear. She knows that it is against the rules due to fire regulations, but she does it anyway sometimes."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"They actually found an apartment in Berlin, 19 square meters, and applied to move. \"But the job center said no. The apartment, they said, was too small for two people.” She sounds desperate. \"Seriously? What about how I live here?”"},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"She quickly changes subjects. Her hometown of Vinnytsia, she says, was voted as Ukraine’s most livable city seven times in a row. Streetcars from Switzerland drive through the city, she says, the university is world class, and you can pay with your phone wherever you go. She pauses. Vinnytsia was heavily damaged by airstrikes. She looks around. \"I didn’t kill anyone,” she says in tears. \"I didn’t do anything bad. Sometimes, I still don’t understand how we ended up in this place. It’s hard not to go crazy here.”"},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Early up and late to bed. There’s always a phone ringing somewhere. Somebody coughs. Someone else is tossing and turning, trying to get comfortable. Another person who left their homeland, their people, their things, everything that was familiar. A dog barks. Somebody goes to the bathroom and wakes up everyone else."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"John says he feels sorry for the children. They cry at night. Sometimes they are hungry, sometimes thirsty. Or they have an itch. That’s how children are. The mothers try to have bread or gummy bears in the tents to keep the children quiet so they don’t wake up the others. But the security guards often take the food away. \"Verboten,\" says John in German. That’s what it says in the rules. Because of rats and other pests, the security guards say."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"When the fire alarm goes off – which can happen twice or three times a week, says John – and everyone has to evacuate in the middle of the night, the children scream and can’t go back to sleep afterwards. The are afraid of rockets. Some spend their nights sitting outside the tents smoking, sitting on makeshift chairs and thinking about other places and other times – before then trying to sleep during the day."},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"decoration":{"text_styles":{"body":"premium_body1"}}},{"type":"Image","byline":{"title":"Michael Kappeler / AP"},"caption":{"value":"The last plane took off from Tegel in November 2020."},"source_id":"sdl0yoFQwpOxwk-nh.jpg","image_asset":{"id":"0b5bca25-7e16-4ac2-97af-7feb3161613e","size":{"width":5732,"height":3821},"hotspot":{"x":528,"y":248,"width":4482,"height":3358}},"presentation_properties":{"image_format":"1x1"},"format":"1x1","show_caption":true,"horizontal_padding":{"small_device":false,"large_device":true}},{"type":"Text","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"There are a lot of rules. When you go into your tent, they check your bag. They check attendance and bed occupancy. You are only allowed to leave the tent on the right of the entry. Men, women and children who don’t know each other are all thrown together, and there are dogs and cats. Infants have to sleep in their mother’s bed, cribs are not allowed because of space constraints. Sometimes, says Elvira, we feel like we are prisoners."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Today, beef soup is on the lunch menu in the food tent. Breakfast was bread, cheese and sausage, with pasta and tomato sauce on tap in the evening. Plates and cutlery are plastic and end up in the garbage after meals. The soup is watery and salty, the tables and benches are filthy, and the tent is strangely empty at mealtime. Cooking for oneself, or even just warming up food, isn’t allowed. On one side, a family is eating a cold meal that they brought themselves out of Tupperware containers."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"A few days earlier, we were on the banks of the Berlin-Spandau Ship Canal, not far from the camp. The banks are covered with dirt, garbage and broken glass. There is no clean water, no toilets and nowhere to sit. Nevertheless, a small caravan from the refugee camp comes here every day to cook. One family, who we are supposed to call the Mitsvas – mother, father and three children – has come to prepare a meal of potatoes, onions, carrots and garlic. Mrs. Mitsva has brought along everything they need, including oil and peeled potatoes that she bought in the supermarket, along with carrots, a couple of eggs and a bit of garlic. She has put up a small barrier to ward off the wind and stirs in the pan as her children play among the garbage and glass, dangerously close to the water."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"The children get ill from the food in the camp, she says, and she also lost weight, despite being pregnant. It’s easy to get here, there are bushes and a bit of shade, she says. And good hiding places. Why, though, are hiding places important? The father smiles at us and remains silent. His wife says: \"Because we have to hide our gas cooker. We aren’t allowed to bring it into the camp.” Later, she will pack up the meal she cooked so that they can eat back in the camp."},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"decoration":{"text_styles":{"body":"premium_body1"}}},{"type":"Map","zoom":10,"bounds":{"ne":{"lat":52.687472245997924,"lon":13.624855203930156},"sw":{"lat":52.45376729321977,"lon":12.855812235180156}},"location":{"lat":52.55851691888471,"lon":13.293859090663322},"show_caption":true,"horizontal_padding":{"small_device":false,"large_device":true}},{"type":"Text","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"The days at Tegel are long. There is nothing to do, even though there is a lot that needs to be done. Most Ukrainians, it is said, are immediately eligible for social welfare. They are also allowed to work right away. And they are entitled to health insurance. And the job centers are responsible for them. All of that is true. In theory. In practice, it’s a long process. You have to wait for appointments that are required to get other appointments, which themselves are important prerequisites for other important appointments. To get a residency permit and a work permit, refugees must make their way to the Immigration Office, but it is overrun. You have to wait several months for an appointment at the job center. That’s why all of them initially end up at one of the welfare offices somewhere in the city. What office is responsible for who depends on month of birth."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Arseniy Solovyov works as an interpreter for Russian and Ukrainian at Tegel. He has a degree in computer science, but has not found a suitable job in the field. \"Some welfare offices don’t give out any money at all sometimes,” Solovyov says. The office in the Berlin district of Tempelhof-Schöneberg, for example, which is responsible for those born in July. The officials there first demand details of the route taken to Berlin based on passport stamps, they want proof of income and pay slips for the entire household, bank statements for the last several months, which hardly any of them brought along when they fled Ukraine. They want proof of appointments at the immigration office and they want to see residence permits that the immigration office hasn’t yet issued. \"We have collected so many complaints, but it doesn’t matter. They want things from the people that they can’t provide.”"},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Arseniy Solovyov isn’t his real name. He asked that we use a pseudonym out of fear of reprisals. He talks about one refugee in Tegel who did all he could to find a job and finally was hired to deliver mail in Potsdam, where he has been working for the last nine months. But he has been unable to move out of Tegel because he was assigned to live in Berlin. And because his job is in the state of Brandenburg, he needs the immigration office in Berlin and the immigration office in Brandenburg to approve his move, which hasn’t yet happened. \"He gets up every morning at 3:30 a.m., climbs down from his bed while trying not to wake up the entire tent, travels to Potsdam to work, and then comes back to Tegel afterwards. He keeps asking me how such a thing is possible. But it’s incomprehensible.”"},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"decoration":{"text_styles":{"body":"premium_body1"}}},{"type":"Image","byline":{"title":"Markus Schreiber / AP"},"caption":{"value":"A woman walks alongside makeshift sleeping units inside the temporary refugee shelter."},"source_id":"sdlJa227tA7AjA-nh.jpg","image_asset":{"id":"6865df7d-72ce-4ae1-9264-189d347c7823","size":{"width":5706,"height":3804},"hotspot":{"x":1620,"y":634,"width":3818,"height":2869}},"presentation_properties":{"image_format":"1x1"},"format":"1x1","show_caption":true,"horizontal_padding":{"small_device":false,"large_device":true}},{"type":"Text","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"Tempelhof city councilor Matthias Steuckardt, who is responsible for the social welfare office, responds to the DER SPIEGEL enquiry with a big sigh. \"Services in our welfare office are distributed according to legal criteria.” However, he continues, the agencies in Berlin have suffered from \"digital gridlock” for years. There are processing backlogs in the social welfare office, he says, along with a number of complaints. Employees are overwhelmed and expertise has been lost through departures."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Gelya Rolnik is a translator and integration coach. A small, energetic woman of 40, she studied international relations in Kazakhstan and theater studies in Vienna. We catch up with her in a café in Berlin. She has worked elsewhere for the last months, but she still can’t talk about Tegel without crying."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"When she started working as a translator for the Malteser in April 2023, there were no instructions, no guidelines. \"Sometimes, a resident would ask me to translate a letter from the job center or the health insurance company. And then the shift leader would tell me that I wasn’t allowed to translate anything. The next shift leader would then ask me to help with the translations. There was constant chaos.”"},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"She was hired to do nothing, Rolnik says. \"Up to 15 employees would sit around in a tent all day, playing games on their phones, gossiping about the refugees. Hardly any of them had been trained to work with refugees. We weren’t allowed to give out information, translate letters or make appointments. Essentially the shift leaders forbid us to help the refugees.”"},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"\"In our tent,” she says, \"there was a woman who stared at the wall every night. At some point, a girl ran out of her room to me. She said the woman was reciting prayers and threatening to kill them all. She needed psychological help. Nobody took care of her. She just continued standing around and talking to the wall.” The German Red Cross rejects the accusation that mentally ill people receive no help. In cases where they represent a danger to themselves or others, the Red Cross says, they were cared for intensively from professionals on site."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Many of the employees disapprove of what goes on in Tegel, says another employee, but they need the job. Their contracts are limited and there is a \"climate of fear,” she says. Many hardly have any qualifications, and many also can’t speak much German."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Martina Schmidt worked in a managerial role at Tegel for several months following the center’s opening in spring 2022. She has plenty of experience in humanitarian aid, having worked for the OSCE, Doctors Without Borders and the World Health Organization. A significant problem, she says today, was that during her tenure at the site, hardly anyone from the senior management level, those who were responsible for managing the arrival center on behalf of the Red Cross, had any experience at all with sheltering refugees. \"They were mostly people who had been kept on from the test center, and they were frequently people from the Berlin club scene, from the event industry and concert management,” says Schmidt. \"But Tegel isn’t a festival.”"},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Martina Schmidt also asked that we not use her real name. She says she has nothing against career changes, but some of those working in Tegel \"had very little awareness of the fundamentals of humanitarian work, of a behavioral codex, processes and priorities.” There was little expertise when dealing with the refugees, she says, little awareness of minimum hygiene standards and shortcomings in fire safety. Once the budget was confirmed, she says, a number of new workers were recruited, but even they didn’t have the necessary qualifications. Schmidt resigned soon after that, \"for reasons of conscience,” she says. After her stint at Tegel, she went to Somalia with the WHO."},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"decoration":{"text_styles":{"body":"premium_body1"}}},{"type":"Image","byline":{"title":"Bernd von Jutrczenka / AP"},"caption":{"value":"Britain's King Charles III visited the arrival centert together with Franziska Giffey, Governing Mayor of Berlin, in March, 2023."},"source_id":"sdlyce2wUcqTaU-nh.jpg","image_asset":{"id":"ea97c967-f5ac-436c-8f5d-123428d502af","size":{"width":6503,"height":4088},"hotspot":{"x":61,"y":268,"width":4828,"height":3615}},"presentation_properties":{"image_format":"1x1"},"format":"1x1","show_caption":true,"horizontal_padding":{"small_device":false,"large_device":true}},{"type":"Text","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"Tegel seeks to project openness. King Charles III has been here, as has German Chancellor Olaf Scholz, EU Home Affairs Commissioner Ylva Johansson and German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier. The refugee center at Tegel has \"quickly become a model facility,” reads the yearbook of the Red Cross in Berlin. Parliamentarians and journalists, though, sometimes have to wait for quite some time before the facility is shown to them. Those interested must first register for an appointment, with the visit then being planned by the State Office for Refugee Affairs."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"At the end of July, DER SPIEGEL was given an official tour of the Arrival Center. We are accompanied by Sascha Langenbach, the press spokesman from the office. Interviews for reporting purposes are not desired. It’s something we learn when we see an elderly woman through the gap in a curtain. She waves us in. She is 88 and comes from a suburb of the Ukrainian city of Kharkiv. \"Where you lived is where you should die,” she says in a hushed voice, tears in her eyes. We don’t get much further than that. The spokesman interrupts our conversation. \"That’s enough.” Our questions, he insists, are insensitive and the woman could be retraumatized."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"A few corridors further on, we run into a young security guard. We ask him what it’s like to work here. Everything is great, he says. \"We’re all friends here and we laugh a lot.” The photographer sees Sascha Langenbach rushing up and gesturing to the guard that to remain silent."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Outside, the press spokesman raises his voice. If we want to talk to somebody, he says, we must ask him first. The young security guard, he says, will lose his job. He had 'explained to him that he is not allowed to talk to the press.’ We slowly begin to understand what the one employee meant when she spoke of a \"climate of fear.”"},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"There are a lot of leisure activities at Tegel. If you believe the posted schedule, you might think you were on a club vacation. Yoga, morning exercise, conditioning: It’s all there, along with piano and singing lessons, acrobatics, juggling classes, football and basketball naturally, but also tutoring in math and physics, Latin dance, hip-hop – and even fat burning courses for those trying to watch their weight."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"We want to see some of these activities but have trouble meeting anyone. A prefab structure that has been repurposed as a sports tent is open, but empty. Another sports hall is locked up and empty. In a third hall, a father is trying to play badminton with his son, who is perhaps three years old. Three attendants are sitting next to each other at a table, while a security guard stands at the entrance. \"Thank you for allowing us to disturb you,” the spokesman says."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"We visit the fitness room, essentially a container with a couple of exercise machines. Two men are doing sit-ups. An attendant in a blue vest is sitting behind a table monitoring two grown men who are doing sit-ups. Three children are in childcare. One of them is drawing, another is doing a puzzle and the third is sitting on a chair, eyes closed, doing nothing. In the next room, the attendants, three young men, are looking at a mobile phone and laughing. Why are there so few children there? They don’t know either, one of them says. Childcare, though, is not available to children under the age of five without a parent accompanying them, he explains. There are no spots for regular schooling for many of the children in Tegel. The \"welcome school” at the site was just recently augmented, but according to the Berlin city-state education authorities, some 175 children at Tegel aren’t currently attending school."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"In the container that is presented as the \"library,” there are three visitors and one attendant. Two men are sleeping and another is typing on his smartphone. Nobody is reading. But we also only see books in German. The sewing container is closed, nobody is doing any handicrafts and none of the sports courses are running. A few people are playing basketball outside. There’s no yoga, no tutoring, no hip-hop and no circus. Perhaps the people here simply aren’t interested in hip-hop or circus classes. The language café isn’t in operation at the moment either. A little further back, they are setting up a bumper car site. It's supposed to be a kin of meet-up. Without the bumper cars, though."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"A week later, we are invited for karaoke. We meet in the entrance area of Terminal C and first scare away a few pigeons. The pigeons shit everywhere. One employee says that they have tried almost everything. But even if they managed to chase some away, she says, more would arrive. The idea of building an aviary some distance away, where the birds would be lured with food and concentrated, was rejected. They feared that the word would spread among the pigeon population that they were living in luxury and would could trigger a so-called \"pull effect.”"},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Loud music booms through the \"leisure tent” D3. Maybe 50 people have turned up for karaoke, almost all of them are sitting on chairs at the edge. Nobody is singing. Why is it so empty here, and everywhere else? The woman in charge is happy to provide information, but asks that her name not be used. She says that she has a degree in political science and has traveled a lot. Now, she runs the karaoke evening here, which is almost never actually karaoke. It’s usually like it is on this evening: People are sitting on chairs, extremely loud Afghan music is playing, a few men are dancing. Then Ukrainian music comes on and two girls dance. Then the men take the dance floor again. It’s summer holidays, the woman says, \"perhaps a lot of people are traveling.”"},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"A young man from Afghanistan is now dancing in the middle of the floor. He is wearing a traditional jubah along with shower sandals. His name is Elkhan Zirar and is from the province of Laghman. It is his first week in Berlin and, having just arrived from a country under Taliban control, he hasn’t heard loud music for a long time. Zirar dances, sweats, jumps and beams and seems to be unable to believe his luck."},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"decoration":{"text_styles":{"body":"premium_body1"}}},{"type":"Image","byline":{"title":"Markus Schreiber / AP"},"source_id":"sdlOLaMQjMHRh4-nh.jpg","image_asset":{"id":"4d9146d7-facc-4e04-984d-c0cffc7e27fd","size":{"width":7102,"height":4735},"hotspot":{"x":1295,"y":320,"width":5055,"height":3788}},"presentation_properties":{"image_format":"1x1"},"format":"1x1","show_caption":true,"horizontal_padding":{"small_device":false,"large_device":true}},{"type":"Text","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"In March, there was a fire at Tegel. Videos show what happened, and what should not have happened. Everyone is running around. They cry, over here, yalla yalla, and give instructions in Arabic. People run out in a panic, and then back inside to grab a few of their belongings. Flames shoot several meters into the air out of the sleeping partitions. An old man drags his suitcase in the wrong direction. A security guard is standing outside with a fire extinguisher in his hands, black smoke rising above him. But he doesn’t extinguish any fire. He apparently doesn't know where to aim. Someone yells: \"Leave it. Electric, electric.” So he does nothing. Another shouts in panic: \"Children! Have you seen any children?” Somebody apparently has time to film."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"One tent was completely destroyed by the fire. Residents lost what little they had left: their birth certificates, passports and perhaps that one stuffed animal that still smelled just a little bit like home, like dad. Half a year later, the cause has still not been completely determined."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Security personnel in yellow vests are everywhere. They stand in front of the entrances and exits, in the line of sight of the tents, in the entrances, they are at the karaoke and in front of the fitness container, in front of the tents, next to the tents, between the tents. They make sure that the refugees enter to the right and exit to the left. Often, they do nothing at all. They just watch. That, too, is part of their job."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"They search bags and beds, and they check the QR codes of the refugees, who security staff refer to as \"guests.” The QR codes function both as entry passes and a way of exerting control. The code is needed for doctor visits, to get clothes from the coop and when entering and leaving the tents. In theory, that means that supervisors know where everybody is at all times. And: who is not there. Those who are away from the camp for more than three days without permission lose their beds."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"There are a lot of complaints about the security staff at Tegel. That they are racist, that there are Islamists among them, that they don’t seek to deescalate in cases of conflict and make things worse instead. That they storm into the tents at night for bed checks. That they insult people and take part in fights. According to the complaints, many of them can hardly speak German. Last year, female residents complained in an open letter that they were constantly being harassed. Their bags, they said, were frequently searched by security guards. They said their underwear was examined when they came out of the shower and that there was no safe space for them to go. Last year, an incident was recorded in which security guards joined residents in attacking and injuring Kurds, allegedly shouting Islamic State slogans."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Security, or at least that which is considered as such, is a rather expensive affair at Tegel. Fully 85 million euros have been earmarked for the purpose for 2024. Which means, at the 2024 capacity of 5,000 people, that each Ukrainian mother, each small child, each dancing Afghan is being watched at a cost of 1,500 euros per month. For the planned expansion of the facility, an additional 46 million euros has been approved."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Messe Berlin, though, does not take care of security itself. Rather, the company contracted the job out to the company Teamflex Solutions, a subsidiary of the Gegenbauer Group, which has merged with the Apleona Group. And Teamflex also passed along much of the contract to other subcontractors. During a check at the Arrival Center late last year, German customs officials found 190 employees who were working for up to 40 different subcontractors. Eighty-seven proceedings were initiated and 55 people were sent home immediately due to a lack of qualifications and background checks."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"When contacted, neither Messe Berlin nor Teamflex was interested in sharing how much they earned from the lucrative contract. But it must have been worthwhile. Teamflex, which reported annual profits of around 500,000 euros in the years up to 2020, quadrupled its return on sales in 2022 and boosted its profit more than 10-fold with lower personnel expenses. Most of the company’s 326 employees likely didn’t benefit much from the windfall. At 24,000 euros, the average personnel expenses per capita listed in the annual report can fairly be described as rather precarious. Yet a quick calculation would seem to indicate that each of the 546 security guards who, according to the State Office for Refugee Affairs, are employed at Tegel cost 155,000 euros per year. Why the Office elected to contract Messe Berlin for security services – instead of hiring security companies themselves as usual: The office left that question unanswered."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Indeed, the State Office for Refugee Affairs tends not to say much at all when asked about anything having to do with money for the Arrival Center. Who gets how much for what is something that the public, which pays for everything, isn’t supposed to know. It’s a \"trade secret,” they say."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Some information, however, can be found in the annual reports of the companies involved. Messe Berlin, for example, has done extremely well as one of the primary contractors at Tegel. According to the company’s annual report, revenues in 2023 were almost 10 million euros higher than in the reference year of 2019, with return on sales almost doubling and planned revenues exceeded by more than 80 percent. \"Revenues from the accommodation and care of refugees at Tegel Airport had a positive effect,” the report notes."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Many people understood that after the war in Ukraine started in 2022 the contracts for operating the refugee center were awarded to the Berlin Red Cross without a call for tenders. It had to be done quickly, and the Red Cross and other aid organizations are experienced in providing emergency assistance. The State Office for Refugee Affairs has since revealed that \"market research” had since shown that no other operators could be found for Tegel. Two-and-a-half years later, though, the questions are becoming more pressing. Because the conditions are so miserable, because costs are so exorbitantly high. And because the companies and persons involved seem so familiar."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Mario Czaja, for example, was the Senator for Social Affairs of the State of Berlin until 2016, and thus the senior official in charge of the Office of Refugee Affairs. The same office that is currently distributing such immense sums of money – to the Berlin Red Cross, for example, whose honorary president Czaja is now. Or to Messe Berlin, which has passed along contracts to the subsidiary of Gegenbauer/Apleona. Mario Czaja worked in senior management at Gegenbauer for many years. Christian Göke, meanwhile, who was head of Messe Berlin until the end of 2020, now manages the affairs of the Gegenbauer family’s holding company."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Operators of other refugee hostels in Berlin, by contrast, receive a fraction of the money and can afford only a fraction of the personnel. They have to house men and women separately and families together, in rooms with blankets, doors and cupboards. The staff must meet high qualification requirements and the costs must be calculated precisely month by month. It is profitable, nevertheless. However, the operators of other refugee facilities in Berlin do not want to speak on the record. The Berlin State Office for Refugee Affairs will likely be their main client in the future."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"We meet Kleopatra Tümmler in front of the hairdressing container. Tümmler is a small, energetic woman with short white-blond hair and shaved temples. She has already managed the vaccination center for the Red Cross. After that, she became head of the arrivals center. It is often said that she comes from the Berlin party scene, but she rejects that characterization."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"She used to do tour management, she explains as we walk up the stairs to her office container at the back of Terminal C. And she represented artists, she says, like the comedian Kurt Krömer. She says she managed tours and guided the career of Tokio Hotel for the first 10 years. \"That’s why, party scene, well,” she says. \"I wouldn't say that about myself.” When asked why she didn’t return to the entertainment industry once the coronavirus pandemic came to an end, she says: \"Because this is a task that is so much fun and extremely fulfilling, such that I don’t feel the urge at the moment. Besides, the music industry still doesn’t really work.”"},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"From her office window, the Tegel Tower is up close. She says she finds it a wonderful challenge \"to create a working atmosphere with such different people that is so positive and which makes it possible to express criticism without having to fear punishment,” she says."},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"decoration":{"text_styles":{"body":"premium_body1"}}},{"type":"Quote","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"Basic rights and standards are suspended, people have no healthcare and their children do not go to school"},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"presentation_properties":{"display":"quote"},"author":{"value":""},"decoration":{"text_styles":{"h1":"quote"}}},{"type":"Text","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"But isn’t there massive public criticism of the accommodation, the working atmosphere and of the management? \"Every now and then there is rather unspecific criticism voiced against my person,” Tümmler says. \"I'm not aware of being accused of specific things.’ She finds it regrettable that the criticism hasn’t been more specific. \"Because I also need to have the opportunity to learn from it and improve. There is plenty of criticism of operations,” she admits."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"There is, she notes, criticism of the system as such, of the waiting times, of the bureaucracy, of the agencies. \"I could keep going. But first and foremost: We are not responsible for any bureaucracy.” The Red Cross Berlin, she says, is responsible for managing the accommodations, nothing more. But hardly anybody, she continues, bothers to look around to see who in Tegel is responsible for what. \"You have probably noticed that staff members are extremely reserved when talking to the press.” Many people, she says, have experienced their words being twisted. \"Here, anyone who wants to can talk with the press.”"},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"We don’t tell her that we were almost kicked out for trying to speak with an elderly woman and that a security guard is supposed be fired for speaking with us. Furthermore, instructions for employees are circulating in Tegel telling them how to turn people away. Are employees forbidden from providing assistance to the refugees? \"We don’t look at every briefing for staff members,” says Tümmler. But the information desk, she continues, isn’t a place to go for psychological help. No forms are filled out there either, that’s what the counseling centers are for. \"You can imagine what would happen if a staff member were to fill out a form incorrectly and the person, for example, wouldn’t receive any assistance or the wrong assistance as a result.”"},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Arseniy Solovyov, the Ukrainian translator, calls. He had a shift yesterday, it was a hot day. \"Just imagine,” he says. \"Clowns were wandering through the cafeteria. There were just a few older people there, it was over 30 degrees Celsius, and there they were walking through the empty hall strumming their guitars.” Solovyov says that he sometimes doesn’t know whether to laugh or cry."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Tegel is a temporary solution that no one really wants. The goal should be to downsize Tegel and close it in the medium term, says Cassel Kiziltepe, the Berlin city-state senator responsible for the social welfare portfolio and a member of the center-left Social Democratic Party (SPD). Her party’s coalition partner in Berlin, the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), wants to expand Tegel."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"Tegel has become an symbol of the German refugee system. Everybody acts as if providing care for refugees is a constant unexpected temporary emergency. They are housed in provisional accommodations paid for out of supplementary budgets. The refugees end up living in DIY stores, gymnasiums or tents. Basic rights and standards are suspended, people have no healthcare and their children do not go to school. Unfathomable sums of money are distributed, sometimes to dubious companies, and people are hired off the street to keep the makeshift arrangements from completely derailing. And yet: Taking in and providing care for refugees has long since become a long-term task for the entire country."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"To close Tegel, other accommodations would have to be opened up: in military barracks, office buildings or modular housing. It would require persuasion, coordination and professionals."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"For this important task, Berlin introduced late last year a \"coordinator for refugee affairs.” He is an old acquaintance and a well-deserving man of the city: former fire chief Albrecht Broemme, who coordinated the establishment of Berlin’s vaccination centers during the pandemic. His new role, Berlin’s governing mayor said, would be tightly integrated into the Berlin city-state government. It sounded important."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"But even today, Broemme’s name can be found nowhere in the Berlin government’s organizational chart. He is now 71 years old. He has one single staff member. He has no secretariat. He has no budget. He has no official email address or website or a landline in the city administration. He has a mobile phone number. The \"coordinator for refugee affairs” in the city-state of Berlin is a retired public servant and receives an expense allowance for his services."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"You can’t even really say that the Berlin city-state government is looking the other way. It’s worse than that: They pay close attention. They know everything. They know the situation. They know the living conditions at the Arrival Center Ukraine at Tegel. They know the costs. But they continue regardless. Another half a billion euros are earmarked for the facility in the 2025 budget. For a single refugee center. For a provisional camp. Arseniy Solovyov says, new furniture arrived yesterday."},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"decoration":{"text_styles":{"body":"premium_body1"}}},{"type":"Text","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"© 2024 Der Spiegel. Distributed by The New York Times Licensing Group. Read the original article at Der Spiegel. ","markup":[{"uri":"https://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/a-place-of-chaos-berlins-overcrowded-refugee-camp-in-tegel-a-a4cd1424-67e1-43bb-9fae-5561eb411067#ref=rss","type":"link:external","length":16,"offset":80}]},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"decoration":{"text_styles":{"body":"premium_body1"}}},{"type":"HorizontalDivider"},{"type":"Byline","published":"2024-09-29T05:00:00Z","authors":[{"id":"96d96753-cd54-447b-801f-ee9d23cfd927","title":"Mer-redaktionen"}],"fallback_email":"redaktion@omni.se"}],"meta":{"changes":{"bumped":null,"created":"2024-09-27T12:41:36Z","updated":"2024-09-27T16:11:37Z","published":"2024-09-29T05:00:00Z","last_saved":"2024-09-27T16:16:14.440646Z","bumped_value":false,"first_published":"2024-09-29T05:00:00Z"},"version":29,"is_sticky":false,"newsvalue":7,"is_deleted":false,"is_sponsored":false,"machine_tags":{},"news_lifetime":2,"custom_properties":{"bump":false,"sticky":"","paywall":true,"evergreen":false,"exclusive":true,"labeledIcon":"der_spiegel","canonical_url":"https://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/a-place-of-chaos-berlins-overcrowded-refugee-camp-in-tegel-a-a4cd1424-67e1-43bb-9fae-5561eb411067#ref=rss","customVignette":"","presentationType":"licensed"},"promotion_content":{"slug":"svart-att-inte-bli-galen-spokflygplatsen-som-blivit-hem-at-5000-flyktingar"},"presentation_properties":{}},"format":"licensed","tags":[{"type":"organization","title":"Der Spiegel","topic_id":"e5793691-0373-49a3-aae1-f566df950eb9"},{"type":"descriptor","title":"Omni Mer | Internationell fördjupning","topic_id":"9443153c-5b8d-498b-8a6e-732b69a01742"},{"type":"location","title":"Tyskland","topic_id":"271d53f3f4f64ebf83e33f119bb9e50957a5c922"},{"type":"location","title":"Europa","topic_id":"91b75d2efee2c7df812ee2b4f65db848d6f003d9"}],"type":"Article","category":{"type":"Category","category_id":"171cb7c8-281d-4004-85bf-b142cd8bbcb5","dev_category_id":"a1e06d14-710f-4de6-8ff4-6061c6a4852c","title":"Perspektiv på världen","slug":"perspektiv-pa-varlden","icon":{"image_url":"https://storage.omni.se/category_icons/omni/icPerspektivVarlden.png","color":{"red":0,"green":0,"blue":0}},"color":{"red":0,"green":0,"blue":0},"public":true,"divided":true,"usermix_display":false,"push_display":false},"changes":{"published":"2024-09-29T05:00:00Z","modified":"2024-09-27T16:11:37Z"},"main_resource":{"type":"Image","byline":{"title":"Markus Schreiber / AP"},"caption":{"value":"A boy with a ball walks alongside makeshift sleeping units inside the temporary refugee shelter."},"source_id":"sdlzgdtAh9Qjzk-nh.jpg","image_asset":{"id":"b1e72a32-7b65-4616-8d98-516ac58c0d5c","size":{"width":3766,"height":2511},"hotspot":{"x":0,"y":601,"width":2548,"height":1910}},"presentation_properties":{"watermark":"der_spiegel","image_format":"1x1"},"watermarks":[{"url":"https://storage.omni.se/omni_watermarks/der_spiegel-1x1.png","format":"1x1"},{"url":"https://storage.omni.se/omni_watermarks/der_spiegel-2x1.png","format":"2x1"}]},"main_text":{"type":"Text","subtype":"lead","paragraphs":[{"text":{"value":"Efter att det sista flygplanet lyfte har Tegelflygplatsen i Berlin gjorts om till ett flyktingläger som är hem åt över 5 000 människor. Der Spiegel har besökt tälten som kan kosta myndigheterna uppemot 250 euro per person och dag, trots att människorna som bor där lever under svåra förhållanden."},"block_type":"paragraph"},{"text":{"value":"– Jag har inte dödat någon. Jag förstår fortfarande inte varför vi hamnade här. Det är svårt att inte bli galen här, säger en kvinna från Ukraina."},"block_type":"paragraph"}],"vignette":{"title":"Perspektiv på världen","bullet_color":{"red":0,"green":0,"blue":0}},"hide_in_teaser":true},"article_layout":"Licensed","story_vignette":{"ref":"category","id":"171cb7c8-281d-4004-85bf-b142cd8bbcb5","title":"Perspektiv på världen","slug":"perspektiv-pa-varlden"},"ad_keywords":{},"is_premium":true,"teaser":{"title":{"value":"”Svårt att inte bli galen” – spökflygplatsen som blivit hem åt 5 000 flyktingar"},"layout":"small","image":{"type":"Image","byline":{"title":"Markus Schreiber / AP"},"caption":{"value":"A boy with a ball walks alongside makeshift sleeping units inside the temporary refugee shelter."},"source_id":"sdlzgdtAh9Qjzk-nh.jpg","image_asset":{"id":"b1e72a32-7b65-4616-8d98-516ac58c0d5c","size":{"width":3766,"height":2511},"hotspot":{"x":0,"y":601,"width":2548,"height":1910}},"presentation_properties":{"watermark":"der_spiegel","image_format":"1x1"},"watermarks":[{"url":"https://storage.omni.se/omni_watermarks/der_spiegel-1x1.png","format":"1x1"},{"url":"https://storage.omni.se/omni_watermarks/der_spiegel-2x1.png","format":"2x1"}]},"text":{"value":"Efter att det sista flygplanet lyfte har Tegelflygplatsen i Berlin gjorts om till ett flyktingläger som är hem åt över 5 000 människor. 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