Tyskland och USA ökar stöd – ger bepansrade stridsfordon
Tyskland och USA ska skicka bepansrade stridsfordon till Ukraina. Tyskarna ska också följa i amerikanernas fotspår och skicka luftvärnssystemet Patriot. Det meddelade förbundskanslern Olaf Scholz och presidenten Joe Biden i ett gemensamt uttalande på torsdagskvällen.
The Guardian skriver att länderna tidigare varit försiktiga med att skicka ”fordon av Natostandard”, av rädsla för att Kreml ska tolka det som en eskalering. Stridsfordonen Bradley och Marder, som nu ska levereras, brukar beskrivas som ”lätta stridsvagnar”. Länderna undviker dock alltjämt att skicka regelrätta stridsvagnar.
Der Spiegel noterar att beskedet glädjer Ukraina. I nattens tal tackade president Volodymyr Zelenskyj för hjälpen.
bakgrund
M2/M3 Bradley
Wikipedia (sv)
M2 kan avse:
M2 (England) – en motorväg i Storbritannien
M2 (Ungern) – en motorväg i Ungern
M2 (Ryssland) – en motorväg i Ryssland
M2 (Pakistan) – en motorväg i Pakistan
M2 (stjärnhop) – en klotformig stjärnhop i stjärnbilden Vattumannen
m² – en förkortning för kvadratmeter
M2 – en dimension för skruvar och muttrar med M-gänga
M2 (Budapests tunnelbana) – en linje i Budapests tunnelbana
M2 (Köpenhamns metro) – en linje i Köpenhamns metro
M2 (minneskort) – en typ av minneskort
M2 Light Tank – en amerikansk stridsvagn under andra världskriget
M2/M3 Bradley – ett amerikanskt stridsfordon
HMS M2 – ett prototypfartyg i svenska flottan
M2 Browning – ett luftkylt helautomatiskt vapen
M2-receptor – ett slags receptorer som finns i parasympatiska nervsystemet, se Muskarinreceptorer
bakgrund
Marder (infantry fighting vehicle)
Wikipedia (en)
The Schützenpanzer Marder 1 (German pronunciation: [ˈʃʏt͜sn̩ˌpant͜sɐ ˈmaʁdɐ ˈaɪ̯ns]; "Schützen" carrying "Armour"-ed fighting vehicle "Marten 1") is a German infantry fighting vehicle designed for use with the West German Panzergrenadiere units (mechanized infantry specialized for IFV combat). It has been operated by the German Army as the main Panzergrenadiere IFV from 1970s through to the present day. Developed as part of the rebuilding of West Germany's armoured fighting vehicle industry, the Marder has proven to be a successful and solid infantry fighting vehicle design. While it used to include a few unique features, such as a fully remote machine gun on the rear deck and gun ports on the sides for infantry to fire through, these features have been deleted or streamlined in later upgrade packages to bring it more in line with modern IFV design (the MG has been moved to be a coaxial, the gun ports entirely welded shut and uparmored). It is overall a simple and conventional machine with one large rear exit hatch and three top hatches for mounted infantry to fire from.
Around 2,100 were taken into service by the West German army in the early 1970s, but the vehicle in its German variant was not sold to any foreign militaries. As the West German Army began to retire older vehicles, the Chilean government agreed to acquire 200 Marders; the government of Greece has considered the purchase of 450 retired vehicles in the past. Argentina uses a simplified and locally produced variant, the VCTP, and has a number of vehicles based on that platform constructed by Henschel and built by TAMSE.
The intended successor to the Marder 1 was initially the Marder 2 project in the 1990s, but after its cancellation the successor became the Puma in the 2010s. The Marder is currently being replaced by the Puma.
bakgrund
MIM-104 Patriot
Wikipedia (en)
The MIM-104 Patriot is a surface-to-air missile (SAM) system, the primary of its kind used by the United States Army and several allied states. It is manufactured by the U.S. defense contractor Raytheon and derives its name from the radar component of the weapon system. The AN/MPQ-53 at the heart of the system is known as the "Phased Array Tracking Radar to Intercept on Target", or PATRIOT. The Patriot system replaced the Nike Hercules system as the U.S. Army's primary High to Medium Air Defense (HIMAD) system and replaced the MIM-23 Hawk system as the U.S. Army's medium tactical air defense system. In addition to these roles, Patriot has been given the function of the U.S. Army's anti-ballistic missile (ABM) system, which is now Patriot's primary mission. The system is expected to stay fielded until at least 2040.Patriot uses an advanced aerial interceptor missile and high-performance radar systems. Patriot was developed at Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama, which had previously developed the Safeguard ABM system and its component Spartan and hypersonic speed Sprint missiles. The symbol for Patriot is a drawing of a Revolutionary War–era minuteman.
Patriot systems have been sold to the armed forces of the Netherlands, Poland, Germany, Japan, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Taiwan, Greece, Spain, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Romania and Sweden. South Korea purchased several second-hand Patriot systems from Germany after North Korea test-launched ballistic missiles to the Sea of Japan and proceeded with underground nuclear testing in 2006. Jordan also purchased several second-hand Patriot systems from Germany.
Poland hosts training rotations of a battery of U.S. Patriot launchers. This started in the town of Morąg in May 2010, but was later moved further from the Russian border to Toruń and Ustka due to Russian objections.
In December 2012, NATO authorized the deployment of Patriot missile launchers in Turkey to protect the country from missiles fired in the civil war in neighboring Syria. Patriot was one of the first tactical systems in the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) to employ lethal autonomy in combat.The Patriot system gained prestige during the Persian Gulf War of 1991 with the claimed engagement of over 40 Iraqi Scud missiles. The system was successfully used against Iraqi missiles in 2003 Iraq War, and has also been used by Saudi and Emirati forces in the Yemen conflict against Houthi missile attacks. The Patriot system achieved its first undisputed shootdowns of enemy aircraft in the service of the Israeli Air Defense Command. Israeli MIM-104D batteries shot down two Hamas UAVs during Operation Protective Edge in August 2014, and in September 2014, an Israeli Patriot battery shot down a Syrian Air Force Sukhoi Su-24 which had penetrated the airspace of the Golan Heights, achieving the system's first shootdown of a manned enemy aircraft.
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