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Janet Louise Yellen (born August 13, 1946) is an American economist serving as the 78th United States secretary of the treasury since January 26, 2021. A member of the Democratic Party, she previously served as the 15th chair of the Federal Reserve from 2014 to 2018. Yellen is the first woman to hold each of those posts and the first person to have led the White House Council of Economic Advisers, the Federal Reserve, and the Treasury Department.Born and raised in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn, Yellen graduated from Brown University in 1967 and earned her PhD in economics from Yale University in 1971. She taught as an assistant professor at Harvard University from 1971 until 1976 when she began working for the Federal Reserve Board as an economist from 1977 to 1978 before joining the faculty of the London School of Economics from 1978 to 1980. Yellen is professor emeritus of the Haas School of Business at the University of California, Berkeley, where she has been a faculty member since 1980 and became the Eugene E. and Catherine M. Trefethen Professor of Business and Professor of Economics.Yellen was a member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors from 1994 to 1997 nominated to position by President Bill Clinton, who then named her chair of the Council of Economic Advisers from 1997 to 1999. Yellen later served as president and chief executive officer of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco from 2004 to 2010. Afterwards, President Barack Obama appointed her to replace Donald Kohn as vice chair of the Federal Reserve from 2010 to 2014 before nominating her to succeed Ben Bernanke as chair of the Federal Reserve from 2014 to 2018. She had one of the shortest tenures in that position and was succeeded by Jerome Powell after President Donald Trump refused to renominate her for another term. Following resignation from the Federal Reserve, Yellen joined the Brookings Institution as a distinguished fellow in residence. She returned to government with appointment as secretary of the treasury under President Joe Biden since January 26, 2021. Secretary Yellen has been confirmed by the United States Senate on five separate occasions.

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The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 is a bill proposed for passage in the 117th United States Congress in July 2022 that aims to curb inflation by reducing the deficit, lowering prescription drug prices and investing into domestic energy production while promoting clean energy solutions. It is a budget reconciliation bill sponsored by Senators Chuck Schumer (D-NY) and Joe Manchin (D-WV). The bill was the result of negotiations on the proposed Build Back Better Act, which had been reduced and comprehensively reworked from its initial proposal after receiving opposition from Manchin. It was introduced as an amendment to the Build Back Better Act, and it is expected that the legislative text will be substituted.
The package, as proposed by Schumer and Manchin, would raise $739 billion and authorize $370 billion in spending on energy and climate change, $300 billion in deficit reduction, three years of Affordable Care Act subsidies, prescription drug reform to lower prices, and tax reform. Some changes were made to the tax provisions after negotiations with Senator Kyrsten Sinema (D-AZ). If enacted, the bill would represent the largest investment into addressing climate change in U.S. history. According to several independent analyses cited by The New York Times, the bill would bring the U.S. significantly closer to fulfilling the goal of cutting US net greenhouse gas emissions in half by 2030.

Inflation Reduction Act of 2022

Medicare är ett offentligt finansierat sjukförsäkringssystem i USA. Det gäller för personer som är minst 65 år eller funktionshindrade. Ett krav är att man själv eller ens make/maka ska ha haft en anställning som är täckt av Medicare i minst tio år. Det godkändes av president Lyndon B. Johnson den 30 juli 1965. Vid ceremonin då Johnson skrev under lagen närvarade även den förre presidenten Harry S. Truman, som tilldelades det första medicare-kortet och som blev den som först fick ta del av försäkringen. 2005 täcktes 42,6 miljoner amerikaner av Medicare.

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